Nootropic of the week
COGNITIVE / Week 1 of 3
A small angiotensin IV analog with a contested mechanism of action, a high-profile commercialization failure, and a literature record selectively retracted in 2025.
Monographs
Per-compound research monographs covering chemistry, mechanism, pharmacokinetics, sourcing, and references. Each is a formal reference document with embedded PDF, formatted to standards comparable to peer-reviewed reviews.
764 compounds on file 53 flagged novel
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KDC-MN-1546 49/100 Compound-7p
Sulfonamidoacetamide small-molecule inducer of axon regeneration and neurite outgrowth
A synthetic sulfonamidoacetamide identified through phenotypic cell-based screening and structure-activity optimization as a potent inducer of neurite outgrowth in hippocampal, ...
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KDC-MN-1582 Novel 53/100 Cogitum
Acetylated amino acid derivative; synthetic N-acetylaspartate analog with neurometabolic and adaptogenic activity
A potassium salt of N-acetyl-DL-aminosuccinic acid developed in France as an oral neurometabolic tonic for asthenic syndrome, cognitive fatigue, and pediatric neurodevelopmental...
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KDC-MN-1533 68/100 Clenbuterol
Selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist with anabolic lipolytic and bronchodilatory activity
A long-acting phenylaminoethanol beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist developed at Boehringer Ingelheim as a bronchodilator, distinguished from other sympathomimetic beta-agonists by exc...
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KDC-MN-1561 67/100 Citrus-Bergamot
Polyphenol-rich Citrus flavonoid extract with AMPK-activating hypolipidemic and insulin-sensitizing activity
A standardized polyphenolic extract derived from Citrus bergamia Risso & Poiteau, distinguished by the presence of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-conjugated flavanones...
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KDC-MN-1545 36/100 Chlodantane
Adamantane-derived actoprotector and synthetic adaptogen with membrane-stabilizing antioxidant and immunostimulant activity
An adamantane-derived para-chlorobenzamide developed at the Zakusov State Institute of Pharmacology as a rapid-onset synthetic adaptogen, distinguished from bromantane by a benz...
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KDC-MN-1636 Novel 81/100 CHIR-99021
Highly selective aminopyrimidine glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitor and canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway activator
A potent, orally active aminopyrimidine developed at Chiron Corporation as a selective dual-isoform GSK-3 inhibitor, distinguished by sub-10-nanomolar potency against both GSK-3...
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KDC-MN-1445 65/100 Centrophenoxine
Cholinergic precursor ester combining dimethylaminoethanol and 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid with lipofuscin-clearing and neuroprotective activity
A synthetic ester of dimethylaminoethanol and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid developed in 1959 at the French National Scientific Research Center, distinguished from other choline...
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KDC-MN-1597 73/100 Cebranopadol
Mixed nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) receptor and opioid receptor agonist analgesic
A first-in-class spiro-indole analgesic with near-equipotent agonism at nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide and classical opioid receptors, developed by Grunenthal and advanced by Tr...
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KDC-MN-1542 52/100 CE-123
Atypical selective dopamine transporter inhibitor; modafinil analogue with thiazole bioisosteric replacement
A benzhydrylsulfinylmethylthiazole developed at the University of Vienna as a next-generation modafinil analogue, distinguished from the parent compound by approximately 30-fold...
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KDC-MN-1444 81/100 CDP-Choline
Endogenous cytidine nucleotide intermediate in the Kennedy pathway of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis with cholinergic membranotropic and neuroprotective activity
An endogenous pyrophosphate-linked cytidine-choline conjugate that serves as the obligate intermediate in the de novo biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, administered exogenous...
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KDC-MN-1458 Novel 50/100 CDD-0102
Selective M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist of the tetrahydropyrimidine-oxadiazole structural class
A functionally selective partial agonist at the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor developed at the University of Toledo as a cognitive enhancer and neuroprotective agent for ...
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KDC-MN-1520 77/100 CB-03-01
Topical steroidal androgen receptor antagonist with peripherally selective antiandrogen activity
A synthetic pregnane steroid developed by Cosmo Pharmaceuticals (Cassiopea) as a topically applied, peripherally selective androgen receptor antagonist for the treatment of acne...
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KDC-MN-1524 74/100 Carnosic-Acid
Phenolic abietane diterpene with pro-electrophilic Nrf2/Keap1 pathway activation and pleiotropic antioxidant anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity
A catechol-type abietane diterpene isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis, distinguished by a pro-electrophilic mechanism of Nrf2 activation through oxidati...
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KDC-MN-1402 Novel 54/100 Cardiogen
Synthetic cardioprotective tetrapeptide bioregulator with epigenetic gene-regulatory and anti-apoptotic activity targeting cardiomyocytes
A synthetic tetrapeptide (H-Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg-OH; AEDR) developed at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology as an ultrashort peptide bioregulator with car...
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KDC-MN-1394 76/100 Carbetocin
Long-acting synthetic oxytocin receptor agonist with functional Gq selectivity
A 1-deamino-1-monocarba analog of oxytocin developed by Ferring Pharmaceuticals as a heat-stable uterotonic for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, distinguished from nativ...
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KDC-MN-1541 69/100 Capromorelin
Orally active pyrazolinone-piperidine dipeptide growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a) agonist
A non-peptide ghrelin receptor agonist developed at Pfizer as a peptidomimetic growth hormone secretagogue for age-related functional decline, subsequently approved in veterinar...
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KDC-MN-1603 83/100 Canagliflozin
Selective sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with secondary SGLT1 inhibitory activity
A thiophene-containing C-glucoside developed by Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma and licensed to Janssen as the first SGLT2 inhibitor approved in the United States, distinguished by dua...
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KDC-MN-1395 81/100 Buserelin
Synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone superagonist nonapeptide with paradoxical chronic suppression of pituitary-gonadal axis through GnRH receptor desensitization and downregulation
A synthetic nonapeptide analog of endogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone bearing a D-serine(tert-butyl) substitution at position 6 and an ethylamide C-terminal modification, ...
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KDC-MN-1578 64/100 Bryostatin-1
Macrocyclic lactone protein kinase C modulator with sub-nanomolar affinity for the C1 regulatory domain
A marine-derived macrolide isolated from the bryozoan Bugula neritina, distinguished from classical phorbol ester PKC activators by isoform-selective modulation producing anti-i...
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KDC-MN-1511 Novel 56/100 Bronchogen
Synthetic bronchopulmonary tetrapeptide bioregulator with epigenetic gene-regulatory and anti-inflammatory activity targeting bronchial epithelium
A synthetic tetrapeptide (H-Ala-Asp-Glu-Leu-OH; ADEL) developed at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology as an ultrashort peptide bioregulator with bro...
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KDC-MN-1584 Novel 70/100 BPN14770
First-in-class allosteric inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4D (PDE4D) with subtype selectivity and primate-specific potency enhancement
A PDE4D-selective allosteric inhibitor developed by Tetra Therapeutics (Shionogi) that enhances cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling to promote memory consolidation, synaptic plasticity, and...
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KDC-MN-1536 Novel 52/100 BPAP
Tryptamine-derived synthetic monoaminergic activity enhancer (MAE) with catecholaminergic and serotonergic impulse-propagation-mediated release enhancement and TAAR1 agonism
A benzofuran-containing synthetic enhancer substance developed by Knoll and colleagues as the most potent known monoaminergic activity enhancer, selectively amplifying impulse-d...
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KDC-MN-1495 74/100 Boswellic-Acid
Pentacyclic triterpenic acid from Boswellia serrata oleogum resin with selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibition and pleiotropic anti-inflammatory activity
A family of ursane- and oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes isolated from Boswellia serrata frankincense resin, distinguished by noncompetitive allosteric inhibition of 5-lipo...
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KDC-MN-1461 Novel 71/100 Blarcamesine
Sigma-1 receptor agonist and mixed muscarinic receptor modulator (aminotetrahydrofuran derivative)
An orally bioavailable aminotetrahydrofuran derivative developed by Anavex Life Sciences as a sigma-1 receptor agonist with muscarinic receptor co-activity, investigated for dis...
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KDC-MN-1487 Novel 70/100 Beta-Lapachone
NQO1-bioactivatable ortho-naphthoquinone with selective tumor cytotoxicity through futile redox cycling and PARP1 hyperactivation
A naturally derived 1,2-naphthoquinone from the lapacho tree, bioactivated selectively by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 to induce tumor-specific programmed necrosis through f...
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KDC-MN-1580 68/100 Bemitil
Benzimidazole-derived synthetic actoprotector with antihypoxant antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity
A Soviet-developed 2-ethylthiobenzimidazole actoprotector that enhances physical and cognitive performance through genomic activation of protein synthesis, gluconeogenesis enzym...
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KDC-MN-1470 69/100 BAM15
Mitochondria-selective protonophore uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation
A synthetic oxadiazolopyrazine-scaffold mitochondrial protonophore distinguished from classical uncouplers by selective dissipation of the inner mitochondrial membrane proton gr...
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KDC-MN-1547 85/100 Bacteriostatic-Water
Preserved sterile aqueous vehicle for parenteral reconstitution and dilution
A sterile, nonpyrogenic preparation of Water for Injection preserved with 0.9 percent benzyl alcohol, serving as the standard multi-dose diluent and reconstitution vehicle for l...
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KDC-MN-1614 74/100 Bacoside A
Dammarane-type triterpenoid saponin mixture with multi-target nootropic antioxidant and neuroprotective activity
A mixture of dammarane-type triterpenoid saponin glycosides isolated from Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst., constituting the principal bioactive fraction responsible for the cogn...
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KDC-MN-1567 81/100 Baclofen
Selective GABA-B receptor agonist with centrally and spinally mediated inhibitory activity
A chlorophenyl-substituted gamma-aminobutyric acid analog developed at Ciba-Geigy as an antiepileptic candidate, repositioned as the prototypical GABA-B receptor agonist for the...
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KDC-MN-1617 54/100 Atremorine
Vicia faba-derived dopaminergic bioproduct with natural L-DOPA donor activity and neuroprotective properties
A standardized biopharmaceutical extract (E-PodoFavalin-15999) obtained by non-denaturing biotechnological procedures from structural components of Vicia faba L., functioning as...
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KDC-MN-1357 75/100 Atosiban
Competitive oxytocin receptor and vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist (cyclic nonapeptide tocolytic)
A synthetic cyclic nonapeptide analogue of oxytocin developed by Ferring Pharmaceuticals as a selective tocolytic for the management of preterm labor, distinguished from beta-ad...
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KDC-MN-1500 Novel 66/100 Aticaprant
Selective kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist with short-acting non-inactivating pharmacodynamic profile
A potent, orally bioavailable aminobenzyloxyarylamide kappa-opioid receptor antagonist developed at Eli Lilly and advanced through Phase 3 clinical evaluation for adjunctive tre...
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KDC-MN-1612 68/100 Astragaloside IV
Cycloartane-type triterpenoid saponin glycoside derived from Astragalus membranaceus with pleiotropic anti-inflammatory antioxidant and cytoprotective activity
A cycloartane triterpenoid saponin isolated from Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) that modulates NF-kB, PI3K/Akt, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling to produce cardioprotective, neuroprot...
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KDC-MN-1539 51/100 Arimistane
Steroidal mechanism-based (suicide) aromatase inhibitor derived from the 7-oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone metabolic pathway
A naturally occurring androstadienedione metabolite of 7-keto-DHEA that functions as an irreversible steroidal aromatase inactivator, distinguished from pharmaceutical aromatase...
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KDC-MN-1572 Novel 60/100 Ariadne
Non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonist of the substituted phenylalkylamine (phenylisobutylamine) class
A non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist of the substituted phenylalkylamine class, distinguished from hallucinogenic congeners DOM and DOI by a single alpha-ethyl...
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KDC-MN-1416 74/100 Apraglutide
Long-acting glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor agonist
A rationally designed, DPP-IV-resistant, long-acting synthetic analog of human glucagon-like peptide-2 bearing four amino acid substitutions that confer very low systemic cleara...
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KDC-MN-1484 74/100 Apigenin
Trihydroxyflavone with multi-target activity spanning CD38 NADase inhibition GABA-A receptor modulation aromatase suppression and broad anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic signaling
A dietary flavone abundant in chamomile, parsley, and celery, distinguished from other common flavonoids by potent CD38 NADase inhibition with consequent elevation of intracellu...
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KDC-MN-1514 Novel 69/100 Apelin-13
Endogenous bioactive peptide agonist of the apelin receptor (APJ/APLNR) a class A G protein-coupled receptor
A pyroglutamyl-modified tridecapeptide derived from the C-terminus of preproapelin, identified as the predominant circulating isoform and the highest-potency endogenous agonist ...
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KDC-MN-1417 73/100 Anamorelin
Non-peptidic ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a) agonist with orexigenic anabolic and growth hormone secretagogue activity
A small-molecule peptidomimetic ghrelin receptor agonist developed from the Novo Nordisk growth hormone secretagogue program, approved in Japan for the treatment of cancer cache...
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KDC-MN-1551 64/100 Anadrol
17-alpha-alkylated anabolic-androgenic steroid; synthetic dihydrotestosterone derivative with potent erythropoietic and anabolic activity
A 17-alpha-alkylated oral anabolic-androgenic steroid derived from dihydrotestosterone, developed at Syntex in the late 1950s for the treatment of anemias characterized by defic...
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KDC-MN-1607 46/100 AMX0035
Fixed-dose oral combination of sodium phenylbutyrate (chemical chaperone and HDAC inhibitor) and taurursodiol (bile acid cytoprotectant) targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction
A proprietary two-component oral formulation developed by Amylyx Pharmaceuticals combining sodium phenylbutyrate and taurursodiol (tauroursodeoxycholic acid) to concurrently att...
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KDC-MN-1543 30/100 Aminotadalafil
Synthetic phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor analog; tadalafil N-methyl-to-amino substituted derivative
A synthetic structural analog of tadalafil in which the piperazinedione N-methyl group is replaced by a primary amine, yielding an unapproved phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor ...
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KDC-MN-1512 Novel 63/100 Alpha-Klotho
Type I transmembrane protein and circulating endocrine factor of the glycosyl hydrolase family 1 superfamily with obligate FGF23 co-receptor and pleiotropic anti-aging functions
A kidney-derived transmembrane glycoprotein and its shed soluble ectodomain, identified through insertional mutagenesis in 1997 as a suppressor of aging phenotypes in mice, func...
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KDC-MN-1622 Novel 76/100 Aficamten
Selective small-molecule allosteric inhibitor of cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7) ATPase activity
A next-generation cardiac myosin inhibitor developed by Cytokinetics as CK-3773274, engineered for optimized pharmacokinetic properties relative to mavacamten, approved by the U...
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KDC-MN-1456 Novel 66/100 AF710B
Allosteric M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist and sigma-1 receptor agonist with disease-modifying preclinical efficacy in Alzheimer's disease models
A dual-target allosteric M1 muscarinic and sigma-1 receptor agonist developed at the Israel Institute for Biological Research and advanced by Anavex Life Sciences as ANAVEX 3-71...
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KDC-MN-1386 63/100 Adropin
Secreted peptide hormone encoded by the Energy Homeostasis Associated (ENHO) gene with endothelial-protective metabolic-regulatory and neuroprotective activity
A 76-amino-acid secreted peptide discovered in 2008 by Kumar et al. through liver transcriptomic profiling of melanocortin-3 receptor-deficient mice, encoded by the Energy Homeo...
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KDC-MN-1450 79/100 Acetyl-L-Carnitine
Endogenous acetylated amino acid derivative and mitochondrial metabolic cofactor with cholinergic neurotrophic and epigenetic activity
An acetylated derivative of L-carnitine that serves as a mitochondrial shuttle for acetyl groups, a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and an epigenetic modulator ...
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KDC-MN-1529 Novel 66/100 ACD856
Triazinetrione positive allosteric modulator of tropomyosin receptor kinases (TrkA TrkB TrkC) potentiating neurotrophin signaling
A first-in-class triazinetrione pan-Trk positive allosteric modulator developed by AlzeCure Pharma that enhances BDNF and NGF signaling for the treatment of cognitive dysfunctio...
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KDC-MN-1568 Novel 67/100 AAZ-A-154
Non-hallucinogenic psychoplastogen; isotryptamine-derived 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist with neuroplasticity-promoting activity
A non-hallucinogenic isotryptamine psychoplastogen discovered via engineered 5-HT2A biosensor screening at UC Davis, producing rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects th...
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KDC-MN-1601 Novel 71/100 78c
Thiazoloquin(az)olin(on)e small-molecule CD38 NADase inhibitor
A potent, specific, reversible, and uncompetitive small-molecule inhibitor of the NAD+ glycohydrolase CD38, developed from a thiazoloquinolin(on)e medicinal chemistry series and...
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KDC-MN-1488 Novel 72/100 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone
Naturally occurring flavone and selective small-molecule tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) agonist with BDNF-mimetic neurotrophic activity
A naturally occurring dihydroxylated flavone identified through cell-based TrkB receptor screening as the first orally bioactive small-molecule brain-derived neurotrophic factor...
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KDC-MN-1594 55/100 6-MeO-DMT
Non-hallucinogenic methoxytryptamine with attenuated serotonin receptor agonism at 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A subtypes
A 6-position methoxy-substituted N,N-dimethyltryptamine distinguished from its 5-methoxy positional isomer by dramatically reduced serotonin receptor affinity, absence of halluc...
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KDC-MN-1595 49/100 5-MeO-DALT
Synthetic NN-diallyltryptamine psychedelic with polypharmacological serotonin sigma and kappa-opioid receptor activity
A synthetic 5-methoxy-substituted N,N-diallyltryptamine first disclosed by Alexander Shulgin in 2004, distinguished from classical tryptamine psychedelics by broad-spectrum rece...
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KDC-MN-1591 68/100 25CN-NBOH
Selective serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist of the N-benzyl phenethylamine (NBOH) structural class
A high-affinity, brain-penetrant N-(2-hydroxybenzyl) phenethylamine developed at the University of Copenhagen as the most selective commercially available 5-HT2A receptor agonis...
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KDC-MN-1571 68/100 2-Bromo-LSD
Non-hallucinogenic lysergamide serotonin receptor modulator with biased 5-HT2A partial agonism and 5-HT1 pan-agonism
A brominated lysergic acid diethylamide derivative originally synthesized by Hofmann and Troxler in 1957, distinguished from the parent compound LSD by non-hallucinogenic biased...
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KDC-MN-1477 67/100 17-DMAG
Semi-synthetic benzoquinone ansamycin and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) N-terminal ATPase inhibitor derived from geldanamycin
A water-soluble geldanamycin derivative developed as a second-generation HSP90 inhibitor with improved pharmacokinetic properties relative to tanespimycin, advanced through Phas...
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KDC-MN-1535 24/100 1,4-DMAA
Aliphatic alkylamine sympathomimetic stimulant and putative monoamine releasing agent
A branched-chain aliphatic amine structurally related to methylhexanamine (1,3-DMAA), identified in geranium plant material and in dietary supplements, with presumed sympathomim...
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KDC-MN-1534 43/100 1,3-DMAA
Synthetic aliphatic sympathomimetic amine with indirect adrenergic and dopaminergic activity
A branched-chain aliphatic amine originally developed by Eli Lilly as the inhaled nasal decongestant Forthane, subsequently repurposed as an ergogenic dietary supplement ingredi...
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KDC-MN-1356 Novel 55/100 PHA-543613
Selective alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor full agonist (preclinical research compound)
A quinuclidine furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide developed at Pfizer in the mid-2000s as a brain-penetrant orally bioavailable selective alpha-7 nicotinic full agonist with subs...
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KDC-MN-1355 Novel 67/100 GTS-21
Alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist with alpha-4-beta-2 cross-reactivity derivative of marine alkaloid anabaseine
A 3-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)anabaseine derivative of the marine nemertine-worm alkaloid anabaseine, characterized in the laboratory of William Kem at the University of Florida...
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KDC-MN-1354 Novel 66/100 AVL-3288
Type I positive allosteric modulator of the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
An isoxazole-acrylamide chemical entity originally developed at the University of California Irvine as compound CCMI and licensed through multiple owners to Anvylic Therapeutics...
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KDC-MN-1353 Novel 61/100 Bradanicline
Selective alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor full agonist
A quinuclidine benzofuran-2-carboxamide developed at Targacept as a selective alpha-7 nicotinic full agonist with binding affinity of 1.4 nanomolar at the human alpha-7 receptor...
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KDC-MN-1352 Novel 67/100 Encenicline
Selective alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist
A quinuclidine benzothiophene-2-carboxamide developed at EnVivo and advanced by Forum Pharmaceuticals through two global Phase 3 programs in schizophrenia cognitive impairment a...
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KDC-MN-1351 Novel 78/100 Tropisetron
Selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonism
Selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with peripheral and central anti-emetic action and partial agonism at alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Used clinically for chemothe...
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KDC-MN-1350 74/100 Matrixyl 3000
Matrikine cosmetic peptide blend (Pal-GHK and Pal-GQPR)
A topical cosmetic blend of two palmitoylated matrikine peptides, palmitoyl tripeptide-1 (Pal-GHK) and palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7 (Pal-GQPR), formulated for collagen synthesis sti...
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KDC-MN-1349 72/100 Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8)
SNAP-25 mimetic hexapeptide topical neuromuscular cosmetic peptide
A six-residue acetylated peptide modeled on the N-terminal SNAP-25 sequence cleaved by botulinum neurotoxin, used in topical cosmetic formulations for expression-line reduction.
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KDC-MN-1348 70/100 Valproic Acid (Topical Hair)
HDAC inhibitor and topical hair regrowth research compound
The histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid in topical formulation, studied as a Wnt-pathway-activating agent for androgenetic alopecia in academic dermatology research.
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KDC-MN-1347 Novel 62/100 PTD-DBM
Wnt pathway activator and CXXC5-Dishevelled interaction inhibitor
A research-grade peptide that disrupts the CXXC5-Dishevelled negative regulatory complex on the canonical Wnt pathway, studied for hair follicle stimulation and tissue regenerat...
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KDC-MN-1346 Novel 53/100 GDF-11
TGF-beta superfamily growth differentiation factor
A growth differentiation factor in the TGF-beta superfamily originally implicated in parabiosis-mediated rejuvenation and subsequently a focus of contested replication studies i...
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KDC-MN-1345 Novel 63/100 Humanin
24-residue mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP)
A 24-amino-acid peptide encoded within the 16S rRNA of the mitochondrial genome, identified as a neuroprotective and metabolic factor with broad anti-apoptotic activity.
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KDC-MN-1344 Novel 71/100 SLU-PP-332
Pan-ERR (estrogen-related receptor) agonist exercise mimetic
A small-molecule pan-agonist of the three estrogen-related receptor isoforms (ERRα, ERRβ, ERRγ), studied as an exercise mimetic for activation of mitochondrial biogenesis and ox...
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KDC-MN-1343 76/100 Orforglipron
Oral non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist (small molecule)
A small-molecule oral GLP-1 receptor agonist developed by Eli Lilly that does not require absorption of an intact peptide, distinguishing it from the peptide-class oral semaglut...
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KDC-MN-1342 75/100 Survodutide
GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist
A long-acting GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist developed by Boehringer Ingelheim and Zealand Pharma, advanced through Phase 3 in obesity and MASH.
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KDC-MN-1341 Novel 69/100 Tesofensine
Triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor (DA NE 5-HT)
A triple reuptake inhibitor originally developed for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and repurposed for obesity, advanced through Phase 2 with substantial body weight reduct...
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KDC-MN-1340 60/100 HGH Fragment 191-203
C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone with lipolytic activity
A 13-residue C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (residues 191 through 203), studied as a research tool for the lipolytic activity of GH separated from somatogenic and i...
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KDC-MN-1339 79/100 Thymosin alpha 1 (Thymalfasin)
28-residue immunomodulatory thymic peptide
A 28-amino-acid acetylated peptide originally isolated from thymus tissue, registered as Zadaxin in approximately 35 jurisdictions for chronic hepatitis B and as adjunctive ther...
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KDC-MN-1338 Novel 60/100 Pentadeca Arginate (PDA)
Arginate salt analog of BPC-157
A research-grade arginate salt formulation of the pentadecapeptide BPC-157 sequence, formulated for improved aqueous stability and shelf life relative to acetate-salt parent.
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KDC-MN-1337 67/100 Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)
28-residue secretin-family neuropeptide and immunomodulator
A 28-amino-acid peptide of the secretin/glucagon family with broad anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator activity, used in CIRS and chronic biotoxin protocols and studied for pul...
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KDC-MN-1336 Novel 64/100 Larazotide
Zonulin antagonist octapeptide and tight junction modulator
An eight-residue zonulin receptor antagonist developed by Innovate Biopharmaceuticals (now 9 Meters Biopharma) as the first specific gut tight junction modulator advanced to Pha...
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KDC-MN-1335 67/100 TB-500 Fragment (LKKTETQ)
Heptapeptide active fragment of thymosin beta-4
A seven-residue actin-binding fragment of thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4 residues 17 through 23), studied as the minimal active region driving the cell migration and angiogenic effects of...
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KDC-MN-1334 Novel 57/100 NA-Semax Amidate
N-acetylated and amidated Semax derivative
An N-terminal-acetylated, C-terminal-amidated variant of the heptapeptide nootropic Semax, designed to extend plasma and central nervous system exposure beyond both the parent a...
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KDC-MN-1333 54/100 NA-Selank
N-acetylated Selank derivatives with extended pharmacokinetics
N-terminal-acetylated and amidated variants of the heptapeptide anxiolytic Selank, designed to extend plasma and central nervous system exposure beyond the parent peptide.
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KDC-MN-1332 Novel 42/100 Pinealon
Khavinson tripeptide bioregulator (Glu-Asp-Arg)
A three-residue synthetic peptide derived from the Khavinson bioregulator program, targeting pineal and central nervous system tissue with pro-cognitive and stress-protective ac...
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KDC-MN-1331 Novel 45/100 Cortagen
Khavinson tetrapeptide bioregulator (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro)
A four-residue synthetic peptide developed by the Khavinson group as a cerebral cortex bioregulator, part of the Russian short-peptide bioregulator class.
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KDC-MN-1330 Novel 59/100 FGL Peptide
NCAM-derived FGFR-agonist peptide
A 15-residue synthetic peptide modeled on the second fibronectin-like domain of neural cell adhesion molecule, an FGFR1 partial agonist with neuroprotective and pro-cognitive ac...
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KDC-MN-1329 Novel 44/100 N-PEP-12
Cerebrolysin-derived oral peptide fraction
A defined oral peptide fraction prepared from porcine brain tissue, marketed as a nutraceutical analog of intravenous Cerebrolysin for cognitive support.
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KDC-MN-1328 Novel 59/100 J-147
Curcumin and cyclohexyl-bisphenol-A hybrid; mitochondrial ATP synthase modulator
A hybrid small molecule combining structural elements of curcumin and cyclohexyl-bisphenol-A, advanced into Phase 1 by Abrexa Pharmaceuticals for Alzheimer's disease.
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KDC-MN-1327 Novel 69/100 TAK-653 (NBI-1065845)
Non-desensitizing AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator
A low-impairment AMPA receptor potentiator advanced through Phase 2 in treatment-resistant depression by Takeda and Neurocrine, distinguished from earlier ampakines by minimal r...
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KDC-MN-1326 Novel 63/100 NACET
Lipophilic ester of N-acetylcysteine and glutathione precursor
The ethyl ester of N-acetylcysteine, a lipophilic NAC analog with substantially higher cellular and central nervous system bioavailability than the parent acid.
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KDC-MN-1325 Novel 34/100 Adamax
Adamantyl-conjugated ACTH(4-7)-Pro-Gly-Pro nootropic peptide
A blood-brain-barrier-penetrant adamantyl conjugate of the Semax heptapeptide developed at the Russian Academy of Sciences for sustained nootropic exposure.
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KDC-MN-1324 Novel 48/100 Ladasten
Adamantane-derived actoprotectant and atypical anxiolytic
An N-substituted adamantyl bromophenylamine related to bromantane with longer plasma duration, registered in the Russian Federation as Ladasten for asthenic conditions.
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KDC-MN-1323 68/100 Alfaxalone
Neurosteroid intravenous anesthetic (veterinary)
A 3-alpha-hydroxy-5-alpha-pregnane neurosteroid intravenous anesthetic in veterinary use (Alfaxan) and a research tool in mammalian general anesthetic mechanism studies.
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KDC-MN-1322 74/100 Remimazolam
Ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine intravenous sedative
A soft drug benzodiazepine designed for ester hydrolysis by tissue esterases, FDA-approved 2020 for procedural sedation with the kinetics of propofol but the safety reversibilit...
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KDC-MN-1321 60/100 Methohexital
Methylated oxybarbiturate intravenous anesthetic
An ultrashort-acting methylated oxybarbiturate with faster recovery than thiopental, used principally for electroconvulsive therapy and brief procedural anesthesia.
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KDC-MN-1320 64/100 Thiopental
Thiobarbiturate intravenous anesthetic
The first ultrashort-acting barbiturate intravenous anesthetic, dominant for induction from 1934 through the 1990s, displaced by propofol but retained for cerebral protection.
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KDC-MN-1319 69/100 Chloroprocaine
Ester local anesthetic (very short-acting)
A 2-chloro-substituted procaine analog with the fastest plasma cholinesterase hydrolysis among local anesthetics, used in obstetric epidural and short-procedure spinal anesthesia.
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KDC-MN-1318 58/100 Dibucaine
Amide local anesthetic (high-potency topical)
A quinoline-based amide local anesthetic with the highest potency in the class, used principally in topical preparations and as the historical reference for cholinesterase typing.
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KDC-MN-1317 67/100 Benzocaine
Ester local anesthetic (topical only)
The simplest ester local anesthetic, used as a topical mucous membrane anesthetic and the principal ingredient in over-the-counter sore-throat lozenges.
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KDC-MN-1316 73/100 Articaine
Amide local anesthetic with thiophene ring (dental)
The dominant dental local anesthetic in much of Europe and increasingly in North America, distinguished by a thiophene ring enabling rapid plasma esterase hydrolysis.
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KDC-MN-1315 63/100 Tetracaine
Ester local anesthetic (long-acting)
A long-acting butyl-substituted ester local anesthetic used principally in topical ophthalmic and spinal anesthesia.
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KDC-MN-1314 69/100 Procaine
Ester local anesthetic (short-acting)
The original synthetic local anesthetic introduced in 1905 as Novocaine, displaced by amide agents but retaining historical and reference status.
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KDC-MN-1313 65/100 Prilocaine
Amide local anesthetic (intermediate-acting low-toxicity)
An amide local anesthetic with the lowest systemic toxicity in the class but the dose-dependent risk of methemoglobinemia from o-toluidine metabolite generation.
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KDC-MN-1312 68/100 Mepivacaine
Amide local anesthetic (intermediate-acting)
The methyl-substituted pipecoloxylidide parent of bupivacaine and ropivacaine, used in dental and orthopedic regional anesthesia.
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KDC-MN-1311 79/100 Ropivacaine
Amide local anesthetic (S-enantiomer propyl analog)
The (S)-propyl analog of bupivacaine and mepivacaine, marketed as Naropin, with reduced cardiotoxicity and motor-sparing sensory block profile.
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KDC-MN-1310 72/100 Levobupivacaine
Amide local anesthetic (S-enantiomer of bupivacaine)
The (S)-enantiomer of bupivacaine, marketed as Chirocaine, with a reduced cardiotoxic and CNS toxic profile relative to the racemate.
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KDC-MN-1309 81/100 Bupivacaine
Amide local anesthetic (long-acting)
A long-acting butyl-substituted pipecoloxylidide racemic local anesthetic with high cardiotoxicity that motivated development of the (S)-enantiomer levobupivacaine.
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KDC-MN-1308 90/100 Lidocaine
Amide local anesthetic and class IB antiarrhythmic
The prototype amide local anesthetic introduced in 1948, with concurrent indications as an intravenous antiarrhythmic and analgesic adjunct.
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KDC-MN-1307 77/100 Nitrous Oxide
Inorganic gaseous anesthetic and analgesic
The oldest anesthetic gas in continuous clinical use, an NMDA antagonist with low potency that supplements other agents and provides dental and obstetric analgesia.
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KDC-MN-1306 63/100 Methoxyflurane
Halogenated ether volatile general anesthetic and analgesic
An early halogenated ether withdrawn for nephrotoxicity but reintroduced in low-dose hand-held inhaler format (Penthrox) for procedural analgesia.
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KDC-MN-1305 49/100 Enflurane
Halogenated ether volatile general anesthetic
The immediate predecessor to isoflurane in the Terrell ether series, marketed as Ethrane, displaced by isoflurane owing to electroencephalographic seizure activity at high conce...
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KDC-MN-1304 59/100 Halothane
Halogenated alkane volatile general anesthetic
The first clinically successful non-flammable halogenated volatile anesthetic, dominant from 1956 through the 1980s, displaced by ether-class agents owing to halothane hepatitis.
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KDC-MN-1303 67/100 Desflurane
Halogenated ether volatile general anesthetic
The fully fluorinated successor to isoflurane with the lowest blood-gas coefficient of any clinical volatile, enabling the fastest induction and emergence in the class.
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KDC-MN-1302 79/100 Sevoflurane
Halogenated ether volatile general anesthetic
A non-pungent fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether with a low blood-gas coefficient enabling fast induction and the dominant inhalational agent for pediatric mask induction.
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KDC-MN-1301 81/100 Isoflurane
Halogenated ether volatile general anesthetic
A halogenated methyl ethyl ether introduced in 1981 that remained the dominant inhalational anesthetic of the 1990s before sevoflurane and desflurane displaced it.
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KDC-MN-400 75/100 Beta-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB)
Endogenous ketone body / signaling metabolite
Beta-hydroxybutyric acid; the principal endogenous ketone body; a metabolic fuel and HDAC inhibitor with cognitive and longevity research interest.
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KDC-MN-399 73/100 HMB (β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate)
Leucine metabolite (anti-catabolic supplement)
Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate; a leucine metabolite that reduces muscle protein breakdown; used in catabolic states and as a supplement.
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KDC-MN-398 72/100 L-Glutamine
Conditionally essential amino acid (immunometabolic substrate)
L-glutamine; the most abundant free amino acid in plasma; a substrate for enterocyte and immune cell metabolism and a popular but evidence-limited supplement.
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KDC-MN-397 72/100 L-Arginine
Conditionally essential amino acid / nitric oxide precursor
L-arginine; the direct substrate for nitric oxide synthase and a urea cycle intermediate; used as a pre-workout supplement and in cardiovascular research.
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KDC-MN-396 76/100 Citrulline Malate
Amino acid + organic acid (NO precursor / TCA cycle support)
L-citrulline complexed with malic acid; a nitric oxide precursor (via arginine) and TCA cycle substrate used in pre-workout supplements.
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KDC-MN-395 84/100 Beta-Alanine
Beta-amino acid / carnosine precursor
A non-proteinogenic beta-amino acid; the rate-limiting precursor for muscle carnosine synthesis; an ergogenic supplement that buffers exercise-induced acidosis.
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KDC-MN-394 93/100 Creatine Monohydrate
Endogenous metabolite / ergogenic supplement
A nitrogenous organic acid; the most thoroughly studied ergogenic supplement; phosphocreatine pool expansion supports rapid ATP regeneration during high-intensity exercise.
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KDC-MN-393 67/100 Nandrolone
19-nortestosterone (parent of nandrolone class)
19-nortestosterone; the parent compound of the nandrolone class of AAS; the decanoate ester is approved for anemia and osteoporosis.
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KDC-MN-392 48/100 Trenbolone
19-nor 11-dehydro AAS (high-potency)
A 19-nortestosterone-derived 11-dehydro AAS; one of the most potent AAS used in cattle (Finaplix) and diverted to non-medical use.
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KDC-MN-391 56/100 Boldenone
Testosterone analog (1-dehydro testosterone)
A 1-dehydro testosterone analog; an injectable AAS originally developed for veterinary use, widely diverted to human non-medical use.
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KDC-MN-390 61/100 Stanozolol
17-alpha-alkylated heterocyclic AAS
A pyrazol-fused 17-alpha-alkylated AAS; the steroid involved in the Ben Johnson 1988 Olympic doping case; clinically used historically for hereditary angioedema.
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KDC-MN-389 67/100 Oxandrolone
17-alpha-alkylated oral anabolic steroid
A 17-alpha-alkylated synthetic anabolic steroid; clinically used in burn recovery and HIV wasting; widely used in non-medical AAS contexts.
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KDC-MN-388 82/100 Progesterone (Research)
Endogenous progestogen / PR agonist
The principal endogenous progestogen; a progesterone receptor agonist with luteal phase, gestational, and neurosteroid functions.
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KDC-MN-387 87/100 Estradiol (Research)
Endogenous estrogen / ER-alpha and ER-beta agonist
17-beta-estradiol; the principal endogenous estrogen and the foundational compound of estrogen pharmacology.
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KDC-MN-386 86/100 Testosterone (Research)
Endogenous androgen / anabolic-androgenic steroid
The principal endogenous androgen; the foundational compound of androgen pharmacology and the active component of TRT and many AAS regimens.
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KDC-MN-385 49/100 Hordenine
Phenethylamine MAO-B inhibitor / mild stimulant
N,N-dimethyl-tyramine; a phenethylamine alkaloid found in barley sprouts; a weak MAO-B inhibitor used as a stimulant adjunct.
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KDC-MN-384 46/100 Higenamine
Beta-2 adrenergic agonist (botanical)
A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid found in lotus and aconite; a beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in pre-workout supplements.
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KDC-MN-383 53/100 Synephrine
Adrenergic agonist (bitter orange alkaloid)
p-Synephrine; a phenylethanolamine alkaloid from Citrus aurantium (bitter orange); a beta-3 adrenergic-preferring agonist used as a thermogenic supplement.
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KDC-MN-382 58/100 Mazindol
Tetracyclic norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (anorectic)
A tetracyclic NRI with weak DAT and SERT activity; a discontinued anorectic agent investigated for narcolepsy and ADHD.
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KDC-MN-381 69/100 Methamphetamine (Research)
N-methylated phenethylamine stimulant
The N-methylated analog of amphetamine; FDA-approved (Desoxyn) for ADHD and obesity but principally encountered as an illicit drug; a research-grade pharmacology probe.
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KDC-MN-380 75/100 Dextroamphetamine
d-enantiomer amphetamine (dopaminergic-preferring)
The d-enantiomer of amphetamine; a more dopaminergic stimulant than the racemic mixture, used in ADHD and narcolepsy.
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KDC-MN-379 76/100 Lisdexamfetamine
Prodrug d-amphetamine (lysine conjugate)
L-lysine-d-amphetamine conjugate; a prodrug providing slow conversion to active d-amphetamine, with reduced abuse potential.
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KDC-MN-378 78/100 Amphetamine
Phenethylamine monoamine releaser
The prototype phenethylamine stimulant; a monoamine releaser used in ADHD and narcolepsy and the foundation of an entire pharmacological class.
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KDC-MN-377 70/100 D-Cycloserine
NMDA receptor glycine-site partial agonist
An antibiotic with NMDA receptor partial agonist activity; investigated as an extinction-learning enhancer in exposure therapy for anxiety disorders.
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KDC-MN-376 72/100 Riluzole
Glutamate release inhibitor / sodium channel blocker
A benzothiazole glutamate release inhibitor with sodium channel block; the first FDA-approved drug for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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KDC-MN-375 77/100 Sarcosine
Glycine reuptake inhibitor (GlyT1)
N-methylglycine; an endogenous methylglycine that inhibits glycine reuptake at GlyT1, elevating synaptic glycine.
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KDC-MN-374 67/100 D-Serine
Endogenous NMDA receptor co-agonist
D-stereoisomer of serine; an endogenous obligatory co-agonist at the NMDA receptor glycine site.
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KDC-MN-373 73/100 R-Alpha-Lipoic Acid (R-ALA)
Mitochondrial cofactor / antioxidant (R-enantiomer)
The R-enantiomer of alpha-lipoic acid; the naturally occurring form with mitochondrial cofactor and antioxidant activity.
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KDC-MN-372 67/100 Edaravone
Free radical scavenger
A pyrazolone free radical scavenger; approved in Japan and the US for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and acute ischemic stroke.
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KDC-MN-371 60/100 Liposomal Glutathione
Glutathione (liposomal formulation)
L-glutathione encapsulated in phospholipid liposomes for improved oral absorption.
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KDC-MN-370 46/100 Acetyl Glutathione
Acetylated glutathione (oral bioavailability variant)
S-acetylated glutathione; an acetylated derivative of glutathione marketed as an orally bioavailable form of the master antioxidant.
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KDC-MN-369 83/100 N-Acetylcysteine (NAC)
Glutathione precursor / mucolytic / antioxidant
N-acetyl-L-cysteine; a glutathione precursor used as a mucolytic, the antidote for acetaminophen overdose, and a candidate for neuropsychiatric and metabolic conditions.
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KDC-MN-368 74/100 Romosozumab
Anti-sclerostin monoclonal antibody
A humanized monoclonal antibody against sclerostin; a dual-action bone agent that increases formation and decreases resorption.
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KDC-MN-367 78/100 Abaloparatide
Synthetic PTHrP 1-34 analog
A modified parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) 1-34 analog with PTH1R receptor selectivity for the RG conformation; an anabolic bone agent.
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KDC-MN-366 84/100 Teriparatide
Recombinant PTH 1-34 anabolic bone agent
Recombinant parathyroid hormone fragment 1-34; the first true anabolic agent for osteoporosis.
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KDC-MN-365 77/100 Roxadustat
Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor
An oral HIF-PHI that stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor and triggers endogenous EPO production; approved for CKD anemia in China and EU.
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KDC-MN-364 77/100 Darbepoetin alfa
Long-acting EPO analog
A hyperglycosylated EPO analog with two additional N-linked glycan chains; extended plasma half-life for less frequent dosing.
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KDC-MN-363 87/100 Erythropoietin (EPO)
Glycoprotein hormone (erythropoiesis-stimulating)
The hormone that stimulates red blood cell production; recombinant human EPO is approved for anemia and is widely abused in endurance sports.
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KDC-MN-362 56/100 Landogrozumab
Anti-myostatin monoclonal antibody
A humanized anti-myostatin monoclonal antibody developed at Eli Lilly; investigated for cancer cachexia and muscle wasting.
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KDC-MN-361 52/100 Domagrozumab
Anti-myostatin monoclonal antibody
A humanized anti-myostatin monoclonal antibody developed at Pfizer for Duchenne muscular dystrophy; phase 2 trial failed.
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KDC-MN-360 53/100 Stamulumab (MYO-029)
Anti-myostatin monoclonal antibody (research)
A humanized monoclonal antibody selective for myostatin (GDF-8); the first-in-class anti-myostatin antibody investigated for muscular dystrophy.
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KDC-MN-359 71/100 Bimagrumab
Anti-activin receptor type II monoclonal antibody
A humanized monoclonal antibody against activin receptor type II; investigated for sarcopenia, sIBM, and obesity-related muscle preservation.
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KDC-MN-358 66/100 ACE-031
Activin receptor type IIB ligand trap (myostatin pathway)
A soluble activin receptor type IIB Fc fusion protein that traps myostatin and related ligands; investigated for muscular dystrophy.
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KDC-MN-357 82/100 Loratadine
Second-generation H1 antihistamine (peripheral)
A piperidine second-generation H1 antihistamine; a non-sedating allergy medication and the prodrug of desloratadine.
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KDC-MN-356 85/100 Cetirizine
Second-generation H1 antihistamine (peripheral)
A second-generation peripheral H1 antihistamine; the principal active metabolite of hydroxyzine without CNS penetration.
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KDC-MN-355 85/100 Famotidine
H2 receptor antagonist
A second-generation H2 antihistamine; an acid-suppressing agent for peptic ulcers and GERD; investigated for anti-inflammatory and COVID-19 effects.
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KDC-MN-354 80/100 Diphenhydramine
First-generation H1 antihistamine + anticholinergic
An ethanolamine first-generation H1 antihistamine; the canonical sedating antihistamine and OTC sleep aid.
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KDC-MN-353 74/100 Cyproheptadine
First-generation antihistamine + 5-HT2 antagonist
A piperidine first-generation antihistamine with 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C antagonist activity; used for appetite stimulation, serotonin syndrome reversal, and migraine prophylaxis.
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KDC-MN-352 92/100 Naloxone
Mu-opioid antagonist (short-acting)
A short-acting mu-opioid antagonist; the standard reversal agent for opioid overdose.
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KDC-MN-351 72/100 Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)
Mu-opioid antagonist (low-dose immunomodulatory use)
A mu-opioid antagonist used at low doses (1.5 to 4.5 mg) for autoimmune and chronic pain conditions; mechanism via transient opioid blockade and TLR4 modulation.
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KDC-MN-350 83/100 Buprenorphine
Mu-opioid partial agonist + kappa-opioid antagonist
A semi-synthetic mu-opioid partial agonist with kappa-opioid antagonism; the primary medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder.
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KDC-MN-349 74/100 Tapentadol
Mu-opioid agonist + norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
A mu-opioid agonist with norepinephrine reuptake inhibition; an analgesic with reduced opioid side effects through the dual mechanism.
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KDC-MN-348 70/100 Tramadol
Atypical opioid (mu-opioid + SNRI)
A weak mu-opioid agonist with serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibition; an atypical analgesic with abuse and serotonin syndrome risk.
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KDC-MN-347 76/100 Zolpidem
Imidazopyridine selective alpha-1 GABA-A agonist (Z-drug)
An imidazopyridine Z-drug hypnotic; a selective alpha-1-containing GABA-A receptor positive modulator with reduced anxiolytic and muscle-relaxant effects.
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KDC-MN-346 65/100 Sodium Oxybate (GHB)
GHB receptor agonist / GABA-B partial agonist
Sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate; an endogenous neurotransmitter and prescription medication for narcolepsy and (controversially) alcoholism.
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KDC-MN-345 74/100 Etomidate
GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator (intravenous anesthetic)
An imidazole intravenous induction anesthetic; cardiovascular stable but causes adrenocortical suppression.
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KDC-MN-344 83/100 Propofol
GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator (intravenous anesthetic)
An alkylphenol intravenous general anesthetic; the most widely used induction anesthetic and the agent in Michael Jackson's death.
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KDC-MN-343 84/100 Dexmedetomidine
Selective alpha-2A adrenergic agonist (anesthetic)
A potent selective alpha-2A adrenergic agonist; an intravenous sedative producing arousable sedation without respiratory depression.
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KDC-MN-342 44/100 Bufotenin
Tryptamine / 5-HT2A agonist
5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine; a tryptamine related to DMT and serotonin; found in Anadenanthera seeds and toad secretions.
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KDC-MN-341 58/100 5-MeO-DMT
Tryptamine / 5-HT1A-preferring psychedelic
A 5-methoxy-substituted tryptamine; a 5-HT1A-preferring psychedelic found in Bufo alvarius secretions and some plants.
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KDC-MN-340 70/100 N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (N,N-DMT)
Endogenous tryptamine / 5-HT2A agonist
An endogenous tryptamine; the principal psychoactive constituent of ayahuasca; a high-affinity 5-HT2A receptor agonist.
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KDC-MN-339 47/100 Tetrahydroharmine (THH)
Beta-carboline (tetrahydro reduced)
A reduced tetrahydro-beta-carboline from Banisteriopsis caapi; a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and minor MAO-A inhibitor in ayahuasca.
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KDC-MN-338 72/100 Harmine
Beta-carboline reversible MAO-A inhibitor (DYRK1A inhibitor)
A beta-carboline alkaloid from Peganum harmala; a reversible MAO-A inhibitor and DYRK1A kinase inhibitor of interest in beta-cell biology.
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KDC-MN-337 67/100 Harmaline
Beta-carboline reversible MAO-A inhibitor
A beta-carboline alkaloid from Peganum harmala and Banisteriopsis caapi; a reversible MAO-A inhibitor and component of ayahuasca.
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KDC-MN-336 42/100 Pinoline
Endogenous beta-carboline (6-methoxy-tetrahydro-beta-carboline)
An endogenous methoxylated tetrahydro-beta-carboline; a methylated tryptamine derivative implicated in pineal gland function.
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KDC-MN-335 Novel 66/100 Beta-Phenylethylamine (PEA)
Endogenous trace amine / TAAR1 agonist
An endogenous trace amine; a TAAR1 agonist found at low concentrations in mammalian brain; structurally the parent of amphetamine.
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KDC-MN-334 Novel 63/100 Pridopidine
Sigma-1 agonist (Huntington and ALS)
A high-affinity sigma-1 agonist developed for Huntington disease and ALS; phase 3 trials in Huntington failed but ALS development continues.
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KDC-MN-333 Novel 65/100 Anavex 2-73 (Blarcamesine)
Sigma-1 agonist + muscarinic modulator
A sigma-1 agonist with muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activity; investigated for Alzheimer disease, Parkinson dementia, and Rett syndrome.
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KDC-MN-332 Novel 65/100 Cutamesine (SA-4503)
Selective sigma-1 receptor agonist
A selective sigma-1 receptor agonist developed for ischemic stroke recovery and major depressive disorder.
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KDC-MN-331 69/100 KML29
Selective MAGL inhibitor (second-generation)
A second-generation covalent MAGL inhibitor with improved selectivity over FAAH.
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KDC-MN-330 68/100 JZL184
Selective MAGL inhibitor (research)
A covalent inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL); the canonical research probe for elevating endogenous 2-AG.
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KDC-MN-329 73/100 PF-04457845
Selective FAAH inhibitor (clinical-stage)
A clinical-stage FAAH inhibitor; the most thoroughly studied FAAH inhibitor in human trials, including a tragic phase 1 fatality at Bial.
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KDC-MN-328 73/100 URB597
Selective FAAH inhibitor (research)
A carbamate inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH); the canonical research probe for elevating endogenous anandamide.
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KDC-MN-327 76/100 HU-308
Synthetic CB2-selective cannabinoid
A synthetic CB2-selective cannabinoid agonist; a research tool for CB2 pharmacology without psychoactive CB1 activity.
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KDC-MN-326 69/100 Oleoylethanolamide (OEA)
Endogenous N-acylethanolamide (PPAR-alpha satiety signal)
An endogenous N-acylethanolamide; a PPAR-alpha agonist that signals satiety from the small intestine after fatty meals.
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KDC-MN-325 73/100 Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)
Endogenous N-acylethanolamide (PPAR-alpha agonist)
An endogenous N-acylethanolamide; a PPAR-alpha agonist with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity used as a supplement for pain and neuroinflammation.
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KDC-MN-324 79/100 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
Endocannabinoid (monoacylglycerol)
A monoacylglycerol endocannabinoid; the principal full agonist at CB1 and CB2 receptors and the higher-abundance endocannabinoid in brain.
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KDC-MN-323 80/100 Anandamide (AEA)
Endocannabinoid (N-arachidonoylethanolamine)
The principal endogenous CB1 receptor agonist; a fatty acid amide neurotransmitter implicated in mood, pain, and reward.
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KDC-MN-322 49/100 Cannabinol (CBN)
Phytocannabinoid (THC degradation product)
A phytocannabinoid produced by THC oxidation in aged cannabis; weakly intoxicating; widely marketed as a sleep aid despite limited clinical evidence.
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KDC-MN-321 61/100 Cannabigerol (CBG)
Phytocannabinoid (CB receptor weak agonist)
A non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid; the metabolic precursor of THC and CBD; investigated for inflammation, neuroprotection, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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KDC-MN-320 76/100 Cannabidiol (CBD)
Phytocannabinoid (non-intoxicating)
A non-psychotomimetic phytocannabinoid from Cannabis; FDA-approved for refractory pediatric epilepsy syndromes; widely used for anxiety, sleep, and inflammation.
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KDC-MN-319 76/100 Amantadine
Adamantane NMDA antagonist + dopamine releaser
An adamantane derivative with NMDA receptor antagonism and dopamine release activity; used in Parkinson disease dyskinesia and (historically) influenza A.
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KDC-MN-318 74/100 Cabergoline
Long-acting ergoline D2 dopamine agonist
A long-acting ergoline D2 dopamine receptor agonist; first-line for prolactinoma and used off-label for Parkinson disease maintenance.
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KDC-MN-317 75/100 Ropinirole
Non-ergot D2/D3 dopamine agonist
A non-ergot indolone D2/D3 dopamine receptor agonist; alternative to pramipexole in Parkinson disease and restless legs syndrome.
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KDC-MN-316 79/100 Pramipexole
Non-ergot D2/D3-preferring dopamine agonist
A non-ergot benzothiazole D3-preferring dopamine receptor agonist; first-line for Parkinson disease and restless legs syndrome.
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KDC-MN-315 76/100 Bromocriptine
Ergoline D2 dopamine receptor agonist
An ergoline-derived D2 receptor agonist; used in Parkinson disease, prolactinoma, and (off-label) for diabetes and obesity research.
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KDC-MN-314 Novel 54/100 Latrepirdine (Dimebon)
Multi-target antihistamine / mitochondrial protectant
A Russian antihistamine repurposed for Alzheimer disease and Huntington disease; phase 3 trials failed despite encouraging phase 2 results.
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KDC-MN-313 Novel 67/100 NSI-189
Benzylpiperazine-substituted nicotinamide neurogenic compound
A small-molecule neurogenic compound investigated for major depressive disorder; failed phase 2 efficacy.
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KDC-MN-312 57/100 DMAE
Quaternary amine choline precursor
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol; a quaternary amine alcohol that crosses the blood-brain barrier; used as a cholinergic precursor and skin-firming agent.
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KDC-MN-311 Novel 70/100 Sulbutiamine
Synthetic disulfide thiamine derivative
A lipophilic disulfide thiamine analog that crosses the blood-brain barrier; developed in Japan for asthenia and used as a nootropic.
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KDC-MN-310 76/100 Pentoxifylline
Methylxanthine PDE inhibitor / hemorheologic agent
A methylxanthine non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor that improves erythrocyte deformability and microcirculation; used for intermittent claudication.
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KDC-MN-309 71/100 Cinnarizine
Diphenylmethyl-piperazine calcium channel blocker / antihistamine
A diphenylmethyl-piperazine T-type calcium channel blocker with antihistamine activity; used for vertigo, motion sickness, and cerebrovascular disease.
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KDC-MN-308 64/100 Nicergoline
Ergoline derivative / alpha-1 antagonist + cerebrovascular agent
A semisynthetic ergoline derivative; an alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist with cerebrovascular and acetylcholinesterase modulatory activity.
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KDC-MN-307 59/100 Hydergine (Ergoloid Mesylates)
Ergoloid mixture (dihydroergocornine dihydroergocristine dihydroergocryptine)
A mixture of dihydrogenated ergoloid alkaloids; used historically for cognitive decline and as a senescence-associated nootropic.
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KDC-MN-306 57/100 Vincamine
Periwinkle alkaloid / cerebrovascular agent
An indole alkaloid from Vinca minor; the parent compound of vinpocetine, used as a cerebrovascular agent in Europe.
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KDC-MN-305 70/100 Vinpocetine
Synthetic vincamine derivative / cerebrovascular agent
A synthetic alkaloid derivative of vincamine from Vinca minor; a cerebrovascular agent and PDE1 inhibitor used as a nootropic.
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KDC-MN-304 80/100 Acarbose
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor developed for postprandial glucose control in type 2 diabetes; demonstrated lifespan extension in NIA ITP studies.
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KDC-MN-303 66/100 17-alpha-Estradiol
Non-feminizing estradiol stereoisomer
The 17-alpha-stereoisomer of estradiol; a non-feminizing estrogen with reported male-specific lifespan extension in NIA Interventions Testing Program studies.
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KDC-MN-302 56/100 SRT1720
Selective SIRT1 activator
An imidazothiazole SIRT1 activator; the structural lineage compound from which SRT2104 was developed.
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KDC-MN-301 Novel 58/100 SRT2104
Selective SIRT1 activator
A small-molecule selective sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activator developed for diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and cardiovascular disease.
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KDC-MN-300 Novel 53/100 FOXO4-DRI Peptide
Cell-penetrating peptide senolytic
A retroinverso D-amino acid peptide that disrupts the FOXO4-p53 interaction in senescent cells, selectively triggering apoptosis.
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KDC-MN-299 Novel 66/100 ABT-737
BCL-2 family inhibitor (research)
The non-orally bioavailable predecessor of navitoclax; a BH3-mimetic research compound for BCL-2/BCL-XL inhibition studies.
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KDC-MN-298 Novel 71/100 Navitoclax (ABT-263)
BCL-2 family inhibitor / senolytic
A BH3 mimetic BCL-2/BCL-XL/BCL-W inhibitor; the prototype clinical senolytic.
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KDC-MN-297 74/100 Dasatinib
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor / senolytic
A multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for chronic myeloid leukemia; repurposed in senolytic combination therapy with quercetin (D+Q).
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KDC-MN-296 72/100 Mazdutide
GLP-1 / glucagon dual receptor agonist
A long-acting dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist; under development for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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KDC-MN-295 64/100 Cotadutide
GLP-1 / glucagon dual receptor agonist
A dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist; investigated for type 2 diabetes, NASH, and obesity.
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KDC-MN-294 71/100 Cagrilintide
Long-acting amylin analog
A long-acting amylin analog with attached fatty acid for albumin binding; under development as an obesity treatment in combination with semaglutide.
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KDC-MN-293 74/100 Pramlintide
Synthetic amylin analog
A synthetic analog of the pancreatic peptide hormone amylin; used adjunctively with insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes for postprandial glucose control.
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KDC-MN-292 87/100 Insulin (Research)
Peptide hormone (51-amino-acid disulfide-linked dipeptide)
The pancreatic peptide hormone insulin; the foundational glucose-regulatory hormone and a research probe for metabolic and anabolic biology.
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KDC-MN-291 69/100 Tiratricol (TRIAC)
T3 metabolite (33'5-triiodothyroacetic acid)
A naturally occurring T3 metabolite with thyroid-receptor activity; used in resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome and (off-label) for fat loss.
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KDC-MN-290 75/100 Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
Hypothalamic tripeptide (thyrotropin-releasing hormone)
A hypothalamic tripeptide that triggers pituitary TSH release; used as a pharmacological probe for pituitary function and investigated for cognitive enhancement.
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KDC-MN-289 87/100 Levothyroxine (T4)
Thyroid prohormone (T4)
Synthetic thyroxine; the standard hypothyroidism treatment and the most prescribed drug in the United States.
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KDC-MN-288 78/100 Liothyronine (T3)
Active thyroid hormone (T3)
The active thyroid hormone triiodothyronine; faster-acting and more potent than levothyroxine, used in hypothyroidism, depression augmentation, and metabolic research.
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KDC-MN-287 76/100 Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
Glycoprotein hormone (LH analog; placental origin)
Human chorionic gonadotropin; a placental glycoprotein hormone that activates the LH receptor; used in IVF, hypogonadism, and HPG axis recovery.
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KDC-MN-286 73/100 Ganirelix
Synthetic GnRH antagonist
A synthetic GnRH receptor antagonist; mechanistically similar to cetrorelix and used in the same IVF protocols.
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KDC-MN-285 78/100 Cetrorelix
Synthetic GnRH antagonist
A synthetic GnRH receptor antagonist used in IVF protocols to prevent premature LH surge; immediate suppression without the agonist flare.
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KDC-MN-284 76/100 Goserelin
Synthetic GnRH agonist (decapeptide)
A synthetic GnRH agonist provided as a subcutaneous depot implant; approved for prostate cancer, breast cancer, and endometriosis.
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KDC-MN-283 83/100 Leuprolide
Synthetic GnRH agonist (nonapeptide)
A synthetic GnRH agonist; the most prescribed GnRH analog worldwide; approved for prostate cancer, endometriosis, fibroids, and precocious puberty.
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KDC-MN-282 81/100 Triptorelin
Synthetic GnRH agonist (decapeptide)
A synthetic GnRH agonist decapeptide used for paradoxical HPG suppression in prostate cancer, endometriosis, and precocious puberty.
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KDC-MN-281 58/100 RU58841
Topical androgen receptor antagonist
A topical non-steroidal AR antagonist developed for androgenetic alopecia; never advanced to commercial development but widely used as a research compound.
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KDC-MN-280 76/100 Dutasteride
Dual 5-alpha-reductase I/II inhibitor
A 4-azasteroid dual 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor (types I and II); more complete DHT suppression than finasteride.
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KDC-MN-279 81/100 Finasteride
5-alpha-reductase type II inhibitor
A 4-azasteroid 5-alpha-reductase type II inhibitor; approved for benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia.
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KDC-MN-278 82/100 Exemestane
Steroidal (suicide) aromatase inhibitor
A steroidal mechanism-based aromatase inhibitor; irreversibly inactivates aromatase by covalent suicide adduction.
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KDC-MN-277 86/100 Letrozole
Non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor (third generation)
A potent non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor; superior to anastrozole at suppressing plasma estradiol and used in postmenopausal breast cancer and ovulation induction.
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KDC-MN-276 88/100 Anastrozole
Non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor (third generation)
A non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor; first-line for postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer and an off-label estrogen control agent in AAS users.
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KDC-MN-275 72/100 Enclomiphene
Selective estrogen receptor antagonist ((E)-isomer of clomiphene)
The (E)-isomer of clomiphene; a pure ER antagonist without the estrogenic zuclomiphene component, investigated for male hypogonadism.
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KDC-MN-274 76/100 Clomiphene
Triphenylethylene SERM (mixed isomers)
A racemic mixture of enclomiphene (anti-estrogen) and zuclomiphene (estrogen agonist); the prototype ovulation-inducing agent.
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KDC-MN-273 68/100 Toremifene
Triphenylethylene SERM (tamoxifen analog)
A chlorinated triphenylethylene SERM analog of tamoxifen; alternative SERM in postmenopausal breast cancer.
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KDC-MN-272 81/100 Raloxifene
Second-generation SERM (benzothiophene)
A benzothiophene SERM; an osteoporosis drug with breast cancer prevention activity but no uterine partial agonism, distinguishing it from tamoxifen.
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KDC-MN-271 89/100 Tamoxifen
Selective estrogen receptor modulator (triphenylethylene)
A triphenylethylene SERM; the foundational antiestrogen for ER-positive breast cancer and an off-label tool for SARM/AAS post-cycle therapy.
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KDC-MN-270 36/100 ACP-105
Selective androgen receptor modulator
A non-steroidal SARM developed by Acadia Pharmaceuticals; investigated for muscle wasting and as a potential cognitive enhancer.
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KDC-MN-269 41/100 LGD-3303
Selective androgen receptor modulator
A non-steroidal SARM developed by Ligand Pharmaceuticals for osteoporosis; less studied than ligandrol.
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KDC-MN-268 40/100 S-23
Selective androgen receptor modulator
A non-steroidal SARM with reported male contraceptive activity in preclinical studies; full agonist at the AR with strong HPG suppression.
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KDC-MN-267 38/100 YK-11
SARM with myostatin-related activity
A non-steroidal SARM with reported follistatin-inducing and myostatin-modulating activity beyond AR agonism.
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KDC-MN-266 42/100 Stenabolic (SR-9009)
Rev-erb-alpha agonist (not a SARM)
A Rev-erb-alpha agonist developed for circadian and metabolic disorders; popularly grouped with SARMs but mechanistically distinct.
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RESEARCH LIBRARY
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